On September 17, Dr. Galit Alter presented a Hall—a Part II, of sorts, on the COVID-19 pandemic—focused, this time, on how we might emerge from our current situation. Dr. Alter’s work focuses on the development of biological tools that help individuals develop immunity against infectious diseases. She is a professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School and a group leader at the Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard. 

We have heard much recently in the news about the global rush to develop an effective and safe vaccine against COVID-19, in order to save lives, resuscitate our economy, and allow us to return to the routines we enjoyed pre-pandemic. Dr. Alter spoke to students and faculty on Thursday not only about the science of antibodies and immunity, and the various pathways to developing effective vaccines, but also about the history of vaccinology.

“The idea of vaccination is really simple,” she began. “It is taking a substance—which can come in lots of different shapes, sizes, qualities—and putting it into the human body, asking the body to make antibodies, or develop an immune response. We hope that through this process, we educate the immune system to essentially fight a pathogen, should we ever come in contact with that pathogen in the future. Vaccines save millions of lives every year… They are literally one of the most effective public health tools that we have in the medical tool kit.”

“And vaccines are not only for you as an individual; [getting vaccinated is] something we do for our community. We do this for our friends, our families, our neighbors, our country, and our world. We take the responsibility to prevent infections from hurting those who are most vulnerable.”                  

Dr. Alter walked students through the history of vaccination—from Edward Jenner’s 1760’s discovery that injecting someone with cowpox could prevent smallpox; to Louis Pasteur, a chemist whose discovery that sterilizing pathogens and injecting those killed pathogens into animals could protect them from infection; to Robert Koch who created the process of pathogen identification, giving rise to the safety and development checkpoints that we use in creating vaccines today. But, as Dr. Galit shared, there is evidence as far back as Ancient China, Greece and Egypt—examples in drawings, lithography, and hieroglyphics—of individuals performing the art of vaccination back then.

“Since the 18th century, vaccine development has exploded,” she continued. “We have hundreds of different approaches, technologies, and platforms that allow us to drive immune responses. Today we can deliver components of pathogens in lots of different ways. We can attenuate the way Pasteur did. We can deliver it through DNA or RNA, which essentially allows our body to make those components through our own cells. We can also use other kinds of chemical processes to make these components of a pathogen in a way that our immune system can see them more effectively.”

Dr. Alter discussed the typical timeline of vaccine development and the various phases that must take place—preclinical trials, several rounds of testing, FDA approval—in order to develop a safe and effective vaccine, ready for use by the general public. This process typically takes 16 years. The global response and commitment to developing a COVID-19 vaccine has condensed that timeline to less than two.

“The reason we can do this—and I want to stress this really important point—is that none of the components of the process are gone. All the safety checks, quality checks, efficacy checks are still part of this process. What we’ve done is created overlapping ways of running this entire timeline so that we can get to the vaccine faster and get it out to people as quickly as possible.

“As much as the vaccine development timeline has been politicized, the important thing to remember is that there are incredibly responsible people at the heads of these companies and agencies who are not willing to compromise on safety. They’re not willing to put anything into someone’s arm that could compromise the whole development of vaccines. As I mentioned, vaccines are one of our most effective public health intervention tools, and we cannot compromise public trust and process to basically make people happy. It’s got to be safe, and it’s got to be effective.”

Dr. Alter earned her bachelor’s degree and PhD at McGill University and completed postdoctoral training in the Partners AIDS Research Center at MGH. She is a two-time recipient of the prestigious MGH Research Scholars Award and was elected a member of the American Association of Microbiology in 2019.

View the entirety of Dr. Alter’s Hall presentation.

A Sixie’s first year at Roxbury Latin doesn’t officially begin until his trip to Beaver Brook. For decades, the annual excursion has taken Class VI north to Hollis, New Hampshire, with homeroom advisors, senior leaders, and new faculty for 24 hours of uninterrupted team-building and RL immersion. This year, COVID-19 forced the school to bring Beaver Brook to campus. 

“I knew right away that we couldn’t go to New Hampshire and sleep in tents and ride on the bus, and do all those things,” said Class VI Classmaster Hunter White. “I immediately thought, ‘Okay, this is going to be a day at RL.’ The schedule itself is very traditional, and I went to that to see what we could save and adapt, or modify, and what we had to get rid of. It actually worked out pretty well. My whole Class VI crew of homeroom advisors helped me with this. This was a real team effort.”

On the morning of Saturday, September 12, Sixies gathered on O’Keeffe Field in socially distanced small groups, each with a Class I leader. From there the day progressed as it would normally, first with the familiar RL Questionnaire and a guess-the-M&Ms contest.

“We ended up being able to keep almost every element and modifying for the cohorts and distancing,” said Ms. White. “We start with an orientation questionnaire, in which the boys have to find out a bunch of trivia about the school by asking seniors and faculty—but the seniors and faculty can trick them, too. They don’t always give them the right answer.” Which is part of the fun.

A new addition to this year’s reimagined schedule was a scavenger hunt designed to help students familiarize themselves with campus. 

“Since we couldn’t go into the buildings, we used the whole campus and chose our spots, made up clues, and the seniors led the boys in small groups around to find and discover what was on their list. The kids were really excited at the end. We debriefed a bit afterward, and they all said, ‘We didn’t know all these things were here!’ So they really did get to see the whole campus.”

After lunch and free time, Sixies alternated between team challenge activities on Rappaport Field, and learning the Founder’s Song with Mr. Opdycke on the Flea Patch. Each Sixie cohort then gathered for the annual viewing and group discussion of the 1957 film Twelve Angry Men. Before the end of the day, each Sixie wrote a letter to his future self, which he will open during his senior year—a traditional end to an unusual retreat.

“We were determined not to cancel this,” concluded Ms. White. “I said to the boys that this tradition has been going on for a very long time. I went to my first Beaver Brook in 1982 when I came here as a first-year faculty member. We’ve occasionally rescheduled, mostly for hurricanes, but we’ve never canceled.”

View images of the day, taken by Mr. Pojman.

What is a virus? How do viruses behave? Why is this one—which has disrupted life on a global scale—so pernicious? How, exactly, is this microscopic, infectious agent causing a pandemic the likes of which the world hasn’t seen in 100 years? And how do we stop it?

On September 10, Roxbury Latin virtually welcomed Dr. Nahid Bhadelia to answer some of these questions, as our first Hall speaker of the year. Dr. Bhadelia is an infectious disease physician; an associate professor at the Institute of Human Security at the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy; and the director of the Special Pathogens Unit at Boston University School of Medicine. She serves on national and interagency groups focused on medical countermeasures—the intersection between public health preparedness, research, and clinical care for emerging pathogens. Her research focuses on identification of safe and effective clinical interventions and infection control measures.

In Hall, Dr. Bhadelia shared with students and faculty the science of COVID-19, and of viruses in general. She broke COVID-19 down to the cellular level, so that all of us could better understand the biological facts and intricacies of our current moment. She spoke about Zoonoses (infections that jump from animals to humans), the SARS family of viruses, and the many reasons that there exists increasing risk of emergence and spread of infectious diseases—climate change, population increase, globalization of trade, and travel. As we are all inundated with COVID news and updates, Thursday’s Hall was a helpful moment for us all to be educated about, or reminded of, the medical reality of this outbreak and the ways in which we can help to control and limit its spread.

During the West African Ebola epidemic, Dr. Bhadelia served as a clinician in several Ebola treatment units, working with the World Health Organization and Partners in Health. She currently serves as the clinical lead for a joint US-Ugandan effort to combat viral hemorrhagic fevers in Uganda at the border of the Democratic Republic of Congo. She has served as a subject matter expert to the CDC; the Department of Defense; the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria; and the World Bank. She is a regular medical contributor on MSNBC and was featured this spring on the PBS NOVA program “Decoding COVID-19.”

On September 17 we will welcome Dr. Galit Alter, Professor of Medicine at the Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, who will continue the conversation about COVID-19 in a Part II Hall, focused on immunology and vaccines.

View the entirety of Dr. Bhadelia’s Hall presentation.

After months of planning and preparing, Roxbury Latin opened the fall term of the school’s 376th school year on Monday, August 31. This year’s opening was not typical: Headmaster Brennan delivered his address to a largely empty Rousmaniere Hall. There was no all-school handshake—only hope for one in the future. No boys infused the hallways and classrooms with an energetic buzz. However, faculty were on campus and in classrooms—dressed in their first-day best—and students attended Hall, classes, and homeroom remotely anticipating their physical return to these spaces. On September 1, boys will return physically to campus as RL commences this school year with a cohort system; the student body, split into Cohort A and Cohort B, will alternate weeks spent on campus and weeks spent learning from home, in order to de-densify campus spaces each day. Boys in Cohort A will descend upon the campus tomorrow, using particular entrances assigned by class and remaining largely with their campus “neighborhoods.”

In Hall, Mr. Brennan welcomed new members of the RL community—students, faculty, and staff—and focused on the meaning of the word community, and on the rights and responsibilities we should all take seriously as being part of one.

“Often people use this term to describe a geographical and political concept—a city, a town, a neighborhood,” Mr. Brennan began. “However… a community is also a group of people who agree to certain concepts of what it means to live, to live well, to live peacefully and productively together. One person has a stake in another person’s life. Because a community often suggests a relatively intimate group of people, they tend to know each other. And even if literally they don’t know each other, they know each other based on presumptions that can be made within the community about a basic standard of values, mutuality, and care.” Sharing personal stories of community in action, and communities moved to action—especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, and in the wake of the killing of George Floyd—Mr. Brennan talked about the ways in which we’re all having to re-imagine how we live in community these days.

“In considering what it takes to be a valuable member of a community, we ought to imagine seizing opportunities for generosity, kindness, or defense of another. In our school, to my mind—if done well—the quintessence of community, we often treat each other as brothers and sisters, as lovable neighbors, and sometimes we don’t. Sometimes we intentionally are selfish or self-absorbed or vindictive… or we fail to act, fail to intervene when we should.

“In late July, Congressman John Lewis died. He had done amazing things in his life. He was kind, gentle, persevering, and principled. He was someone whom everyone loved and admired. It was not just, however, because he was kind that he was looked up to. It was because he acted. He lived his beliefs… His example begs the question, ‘What will you do?’”

Finally, Mr. Brennan reminded students, faculty, and staff that, as we begin this school year—with new health and safety protocols in place—we are dependent on one another in an even greater way than we were before. He urged everyone watching “to adhere to the guidelines, to focus, to care, to sacrifice, to do something. In your actions and your words, help all of us to create anew a community that is not only brimming with friendship and love, but that acknowledges that what we do and how we do it can indeed be a matter of life and death. Please do your best… When all is said and done, when we look back on this era, when we remember the 375th and 376th years of the school’s storied history, let’s make sure that others will say that because of all of us, because of this glistening community, because of who we are and what we will do that this was one of RL’s finest hours.”

View the entirety of this year’s Opening of Fall Term Hall.

Learn more about Roxbury Latin’s Fall 2020 Reopening Plans.

This May, the National Merit Scholarship Program announced its selection of 2,500 scholarship winners, chosen from a pool of 15,000 talented high school seniors across the country. These members of the Class of 2020 will each receive $2,500 scholarships toward college next year. Among these outstanding students are four Roxbury Latin seniors: Avi Attar, David LaFond, Ian Richardson, and Chris Zhu.

The National Merit Scholarship Program selection process began in October 2018, when more than 1.5 million juniors took the PSAT, or the National Merit Scholarship Qualifying Test (NMSQT). This initial screen identified 16,000 Semifinalists, representing less than one percent of the nation’s highest scores. Roxbury Latin had seven semifinalists in a class of 52. Eighteen additional RL boys received commendations, meaning their scores placed them in about the top 4% of all test-takers. All seven of RL’s semifinalists moved on to become finalists, of which there were 15,000 nationally. From there, Avi, David, Ian, and Chris were selected from that group after rigorous review of their RL transcripts, standardized test scores, contributions and leadership in school and community activities, essays, and recommendation letters.

It is a great honor to have four National Merit Scholarship winners in one senior class, a result we have not seen in recent memory. Our National Merit Scholarship winners, in fact, comprise almost 8% of our senior class. Congratulations to all 25 boys who received recognition from the National Merit Scholarship Program this year.